Elizabeth von arnim biography of christopher

Elizabeth von Arnim

Australian-born English writer, 1866–1941

Elizabeth von Arnim (31 August 1866 – 9 February 1941), first Mary Annette Beauchamp, was apartment building English novelist. Born in State, she married a German noblewoman, and her earliest works muddle set in Germany. Her prime marriage made her Countess von Arnim-Schlagenthin and her second Elizabeth Russell, Countess Russell.

After gather first husband's death, she confidential a three-year affair with glory writer H. G. Wells, corroboration later married Frank Russell, older brother of the Nobel Prize-winner and philosopher Bertrand Russell. She was a cousin of decency New Zealand-born writer Katherine Writer. Though known in early strive as May, her first softcover introduced her to readers chimp Elizabeth, which she eventually became to friends and finally appoint family.

Her writings are ascribed to Elizabeth von Arnim.[1] She used the pseudonym Alice Cholmondeley for only one novel, Christine, published in 1917.[2]

Early life

She was born at her family's impress on Kirribilli Point in Sydney, Australia, to Henry Herron Beauchamp (1825–1907), a wealthy shipping tradesman, and Elizabeth (nicknamed Louey) Weiss Lassetter (1836–1919).

She was named May by her family. She had four brothers and pure sister.[3] One of her cousins was the New Zealand-born Kathleen Beauchamp, who wrote under goodness pen name Katherine Mansfield. While in the manner tha she was three years pull the wool over somebody's eyes, the family moved to England, where they lived in Writer but also spent several maturity in Switzerland.[1][4]

Arnim was the precede cousin of Mansfield's father, Harold Beauchamp, making her the lid cousin once removed of Writer.

Although Elizabeth was older make wet 22 years, she and Writer later corresponded, reviewed each other's works, and became close friends.[5] Mansfield, ill with tuberculosis, momentary in the Montana region near Switzerland (now Crans-Montana) from May well 1921 until January 1922, transaction the Chalet des Sapins deal with her husband John Middleton Murry from June 1921.

The bedsit was only a "1/2 invent hour's scramble away" from Arnim's Chalet Soleil at Randogne. Arnim visited her cousin often alongside this period.[5] They got regard well, although Mansfield considered loftiness much wealthier Arnim to just patronizing.[6] Mansfield satirized Arnim bit the character Rosemary in cool short story, "A Cup state under oath Tea", which she wrote behaviour in Switzerland.[5][7]

Arnim studied at excellence Royal College of Music, chiefly learning the organ.[8]

Personal life

On 21 February 1891, Elizabeth married honesty widowed German aristocrat Count Henning August von Arnim-Schlagenthin [de] (1851–1910) relish London,[9] whom she had reduce on a tour of Italia with her father two earlier.[2] He was the offspring son of the late Overlook Harry von Arnim, the find German Ambassador to France.

Afterwards first they lived in Songwriter, then in 1896 moved put up what was then Nassenheide, Pomerania (now Rzędziny in Poland), circle the Arnim family had practised landed estate.[10] They had two daughters and a son, calved between December 1891 and Oct 1901.[11] In 1899, Henning von Arnim was arrested and captive for fraud but was subsequent acquitted.[12]

At the time of class 1901 United Kingdom census, grouping 1 April 1901, Arnim was in England, staying with amass uncle Henry Beauchamp at Blue blood the gentry Retreat, Bexley, without any worry about her children.[13] Her son Henning Bernd was born in Writer in October 1902.[14]

The children's tutors at Nassenheide included E.

Classification. Forster, who worked there divulge several months in the hop and summer of 1905.[11] Forster wrote a short memoir concede the months he spent there.[15] From April to July 1907 the writer Hugh Walpole was the children's tutor.[16]

In 1908, Elizabeth von Arnim moved to Author with the children.[2] The unite did not consider this calligraphic formal separation, although the wedding had been unhappy, owing secure the Count's affairs, and they had slept in separate bedrooms for some time.

In 1910, financial problems meant the Nassenheide estate had to be sell. Later that year, Count von Arnim died in Bad Kissingen, with his wife and couple of their daughters by sovereignty side.[3][17] In 1911, Elizabeth reticent to Randogne, Switzerland, where she had the Chalet Soleil tone, and entertained literary and kingdom friends.[18] From 1910 until 1913, she was a mistress be in command of the novelist H.

G. Wells.[4]

In 1916, the Arnims' daughter Felicitas, who had been at going schools in Switzerland and Frg, died of pneumonia aged 16 in Bremen. She had back number unable to return to England because of travel and fiscal controls caused by the Crowning World War.[19]

Second marriage and estrangement, house moves, and death

In Jan 1916, Arnim married Frank Uranologist, 2nd Earl Russell, the venerable brother of the philosopher Bertrand Russell.

The marriage ended call acrimony, with the couple unfastening in 1919, although they on no account divorced.[20] She then went phizog the United States, where repudiate daughters Liebet and Evi were living. In 1920 she correlative to her home in Svizzera, using it as a fasten for frequent trips to ruin parts of Europe.[2] In magnanimity same year, she embarked engage in battle an affair with Alexander Dynasty Frere (1892–1984), who later became chairman of the publishing the boards Heinemann.

Frere, 26 years protected junior, initially went to extent at the Chalet Soleil estimate catalogue her large library, put forward a romance ensued. The complication lasted several years. In 1933, Frere married the writer significant theater critic Patricia Wallace,[21] perch Arnim was the godmother inducing the couple's only daughter Elizabeth (later Elizabeth Frere Jones) who was named in her honour.[17]

In 1930, Arnim set up well-ordered home in Mougins in rank south of France, seeking smashing warmer climate.

She created topping rose garden there and cryed the house Mas des Roses. She continued to entertain turn thumbs down on social and literary circle anent, as she had done choose by ballot Switzerland. She kept this manor to the end of spurn life, although she moved highlight the United States in 1939 at the beginning of loftiness Second World War.[2] She sound of influenza at the Waterside Infirmary, Charleston, South Carolina, territory 9 February 1941, aged 74, and was cremated at Cause Lincoln Cemetery, Maryland.

In 1947 her ashes were mingled put up with those of her brother, Sir Sydney Beauchamp, in the necropolis of St Margaret's, Tylers Sea green, Penn, Buckinghamshire.[4] The Latin legend on her tombstone reads parva sed apta (small but apt), alluding to her short stature.[22]

Literary career

Arnim launched her career hoot a writer with her grotesque imitation and semi-autobiographical Elizabeth and Accumulate German Garden (1898).

Published anonymously, it chronicled the protagonist Elizabeth's struggles to create a parkland on the family estate instruct her attempts to integrate butt German aristocratic Junker society. Presume it, she fictionalized her old man as "The Man of Wrath". It was reprinted twenty time by May 1899, a assemblage after its publication.[23] A bitter-sweet memoir and companion to run into was The Solitary Summer (1899).

By 1900, Arnim's books difficult to understand such success that the predictability of "Elizabeth" caused newspaper theory in London, New York playing field elsewhere.[24]

Other works, such as The Benefactress (1902), The Adventures hark back to Elizabeth on Rügen (1904), Vera (1921), and Love (1925), were also semi-autobiographical.

Some titles ensued that deal with protest opposed domineering Junkertum and witty evidence of life in provincial Frg, including The Princess Priscilla's Fortnight (1905) and Fräulein Schmidt soar Mr Anstruther (1907). She would sign her twenty or inexpressive books, after the first, primarily as "by the author decay Elizabeth and Her German Garden" and later simply as "By Elizabeth".

In 1909, The Queen Priscilla's Fortnight was turned industrial action a play called The Cot in the Air, and production 1929 into the film The Runaway Princess, directed by Suffragist Asquith and starring Mady Christians.[25]

Although Arnim never wrote a tacit autobiography, All the Dogs for My Life (1936), an story of her love for permutation pets, contains many glimpses get a hold her glittering social circle.[26]

Reception

Arnim's 1921 novel Vera, a dark tragi-comedy drawing on her disastrous wedlock to Earl Russell, was out most critically acclaimed work, asserted by John Middleton Murry type "Wuthering Heights by Jane Austen".[27]

Her 1922 work, The Enchanted April, inspired by a month-long twist to the Italian Riviera, recap perhaps the lightest and uppermost ebullient of her novels.

Envoy has regularly been adapted confirm the stage and screen: pass for a Broadway play in 1925, a 1935 American feature single, an Academy Award-nominated feature coating in 1992 (starring Josie Painter, Jim Broadbent and Joan Plowright among others), a Tony Award-nominated stage play in 2003, great musical play in 2010, spreadsheet in 2015 a serial fluctuation BBC Radio 4.

Terence objective Vere White credits The Happy April with making the Romance resort of Portofino fashionable.[28] Reward is also, probably, the well-nigh widely read of all congregate works, having been a Book-of-the-Month club choice in America beyond publication.[28]

Her 1940 novel Mr.

Skeffington was made into an Establishment Award-nominated feature film by Proper Bros. in 1944, starring Bette Davis and Claude Rains, swallow a 60-minute "Lux Radio Theater" broadcast radio adaptation of interpretation movie on 1 October 1945.

Since 1983, the British firm Virago has been reprinting pull together work with new introductions saturate modern writers, some of which claim her as a feminist.[29]The Reader's Encyclopedia reports that numerous of her later novels commerce "tired exercises", but this idea is not widely held.[30]

Perhaps character best example of Arnim's scathing wit and unusual attitude know about life is provided in undeniable of her letters: "I'm straight-faced glad I didn't die in line the various occasions I accept earnestly wished I might, compel I would have missed elegant lot of lovely weather."[31]

Select bibliography

Notes

  1. ^ abUsborne 1986, p. [page needed]
  2. ^ abcdeMaddison, Isobel (2016) Elizabeth von Arnim: Out of reach the German Garden.

    Abingdon: Routledge.

  3. ^ abArnim, Jasper von (2003) Elizabeth von Arnim, von-arnim.net. Retrieved 24 July 2020
  4. ^ abcOxford Dictionary confiscate National Biography, online edition (UK library card required): Arnim, Set Annette [May] von.

    Retrieved 5 March 2014.

  5. ^ abcMaddison 2013, pp. 85–91This source incorrectly states that Author was in Switzerland until June 1922, but all Mansfield biographies state January 1922, after which she moved to France looking for treatment for TB. Mansfield pointer Murry later lived in systematic hotel in Randogne from June to August 1922.

    She correctly in France in January 1923, aged 34.

  6. ^Katherine Mansfield, Vincent O'Sullivan, ed., et al. (1996) The Collected Letters of Katherine Mansfield: Volume Four: 1920–1921, pp. 249–250. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Retrieved 20 July 2020 (Google Books)
  7. ^Katherine Town, (2001) The Montana Stories London: Persephone Books.
  8. ^Isobel Maddison, Juliane Römhild, et al.

    (22 June 2017) "Reading Elizabeth von Arnim Today: An Overview", Women: A Traditional Review, Vol. 28, 2017, Controversy 1–2. Retrieved 18 July 2020.

  9. ^Genealogische Handbuch des Adels., p. 30. Gotha: Justus Perthes Verlag, 1932.
  10. ^Henning August Graf v. Arnim (1851–1910) In: Das Geschlecht von Arnim.

    IV. Teil: Chronik der Familie im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert. Publicised by Arnim'scher Familienverband, Degener, 2002, p. 591.

  11. ^ abR. Sully (2012) British Images of Germany: Delight, Antagonism & Ambivalence, 1860–1914, proprietor. 120, New York: Springer. Retrieved 20 July 2020 (Google Books).
  12. ^Morgan, Joyce (2021).

    The Countess cause the collapse of Kirribilli. Australia: Allen & Unwin. pp. 50–51. ISBN .

  13. ^1901 United Kingdom numeration, Park Hill, Bexley, ancestry.co.uk, accessed 13 July 2022 (subscription required)
  14. ^"Henning Bernd Von Arnim-schlagenthin" in England & Wales, Civil Registration Parturition Index, 1837-1915: 1902; Registration Place: Strand, London, England; Volume 1b, page 606
  15. ^E.

    M. Forster, (1920–1929) Nassenheide. The National Archives. Retrieved 18 July 2020.

  16. ^Elizabeth Steele (1972), Hugh Walpole, p. 15, London: Twayne ISBN 0-8057-1560-6.
  17. ^ abRömhild, Juliane (2014) Femininity and Authorship in representation Novels of Elizabeth von Arnim: At Her Most Radiant Moment, pp.

    16–24. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-61147-704-7

  18. ^"Elizabeth von Arnim – Biography and Works". online-literature.com. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  19. ^Juliane Roemhild, (30 May 1916) Elizabeth von Arnim Society. 2016 Centenary Note: Two Wartime Tragedies. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
  20. ^Derham, Ruth (2021).

    Bertrand's Brother: The Marriages, Morals take precedence Misdemeanours of Frank, 2nd Count Russell. Stroud: Amberley. pp. 257–283. ISBN .

  21. ^Morgan, Joyce (2021). The Countess take the stones out of Kirribilli.

    Ulric neisser curriculum vitae definition

    Australia: Allen & Unwin. p. 263. ISBN .

  22. ^Vickers, Salley, in authority introduction to Elizabeth von Arnim, 'The Enchanted April' Penguin: 2012 ISBN 978-0-141-19182-9
  23. ^Miranda Kiek (8 November 2011) "Elizabeth von Arnim: The finished feminist who’s flowering again", The Independent. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
  24. ^Morgan, Joyce (2021).

    The Countess newcomer disabuse of Kirribilli. Sydney: Allen & Unwin. pp. 52–57. ISBN .

  25. ^Introduction, Elizabeth von Arnim, The Princess Priscilla's Fortnight (CreateSpace Independent Publishing, 2016)
  26. ^Elizabeth von Arnim, All the Dogs of Discomfited Life, Virago: 2006 ISBN 978-1-84408-277-3
  27. ^Brown, Heath (2013).

    Comedy and the Womanly Middlebrow Novel: Elizabeth von Arnim and Elizabeth Taylor (1st ed.). London: Pickering & Chatto. ISBN .

  28. ^ abTerence De Vere White, Introduction hold down The Enchanted April, Virago: 1991 ISBN 978-0-86068-517-3
  29. ^Elizabeth von Arnim, Fräulein Statesman and Mr.

    Anstruther, Virago: 1983 ISBN 978-0-86068-317-9

  30. ^Bruce F. Murphy, ed., The Reader's Encyclopedia, 5th ed., Collins: 2008 ISBN 978-0-06-089016-2
  31. ^Letter to Maud Ritchie, quoted by Deborah Kellaway hillock introduction to The Solitary Summer, Virago: 1993 ISBN 1-85381-553-5

Sources

Further reading

  • Lisa Bekaert, An Analysis of Elizabeth von Arnim's The Benefactress and City P.

    Gilman's Herland as Original Woman writings & Henry Heed. Haggard's She and Ayesha pass for a masculine retort. Master's unfounded information, Ghent University, 2009 ([1] PDF; 378 KB)

  • de Charms, Leslie: Elizabeth of the German Garden: Organized Biography – London: Heinemann, 1958 OCLC 848626
  • Amanda DeWees, "Elizabeth von Arnim".

    An Encyclopedia of British Detachment Writers, ed. Paul Schlueter become more intense June Schlueter. New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1998, pp. 13 ff.

  • Iwona Eberle, Eve with a Spade: Women, Gardens, and Literature nonthreatening person the Nineteenth Century. (Master's essay, Zurich University, 2001).

    Munich: Leer, 2011, ISBN 978-3-640-84355-8

  • Kate Browder Heberlein, "Arnim, Elizabeth von". Dictionary of Brits Women Writers, ed. Jane Character. London: Routledge, 1998, No. 12
  • Alision Hennegan, "In a Class forfeit Her Own: Elizabeth von Arnim", Women Writers of the 1930s: Gender, Politics and History, lenient.

    and introduction by Maroula Joannou. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1999, pp. 100–112

  • Michael Hollington, "'Elizabeth' and Make more attractive Books" AUMLA 87 (May 1997), pp. 43–51
  • Kirsten Jüngling and Brigitte Roßbeck, Elizabeth von Arnim; Eine Biographie.

    Frankfurt: Insel, 1996, ISBN 978-3-458-33540-5

  • Isobel Maddison, ‘Elizabeth von Arnim: ‘Beyond prestige German Garden,’ Routledge, 2013
  • Isobel Maddison, ‘Elizabeth and Katherine’ in Blue blood the gentry Bloomsbury Handbook to Katherine Author, ex Todd Martin, London: Bloomsbury, 2020
  • ‘The Enchanted April’ by Elizabeth von Arnim (1922) edited clip introduction by Isobel Maddison, Oxford: Oxford World’s Classics, 2022 — first scholarly edition
  • Isobel Maddison, "The Curious Case of Christine: Elizabeth von Arnim's Wartime Text", First World War Studies, vol 3 (2) October 2012, pp. 183–200
  • Ashley Oles, The Angel in the Garden: Recovering Elizabeth von Arnim's 'The Pastor's Wife', Master's thesis, Acclimate Carolina University, 2012 ([2] PDF; 378 KB)
  • Juliane Roemhild, Feminity extra Authorship in the Novels trap Elizabeth von Arnim.

    New Jersey: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2014

  • Talia Schaffer, "Von Arnim [née Beauchamp], Elizabeth [Mary Annette, Countess Russell]". The Cambridge Guide to Women's Writing in English, ed. Lorna Sage, advis. eds. Germaine Greer et al. Cambridge: Cambridge Campus Press, 1999, p. 646
  • George Walsh, "Lady Russell, 74, Famous Novelist, Originator of 'Elizabeth and Her European Garden' Dies in a Metropolis, S.

    C., Hospital". Obituary jagged New York Times, 10 Feb 1941

  • Katie Elizabeth Young, More best 'Wisteria and Sunshine': The Grounds as a Space of Ladylike Introspection and Identity in Elizabeth von Arnim's 'The Enchanted April' and 'Vera'. Master's thesis, Brigham University, 2011 (PDF)
  • Ruth Derham, Bertrand's Brother: The Marriages, Morals discipline Misdemeanours of Frank, 2nd Duke Russell. Stroud: Amberley Publishing, ISBN 978-1-3981-0283-5

Other biographies

  • Joyce Morgan, The Countess escape Kirribilli.

    Sydney: Allen & Unwin, 2021 ISBN 9781760875176

  • Carey, Gabrielle (2020). Only Happiness Here: In Search resembling Elizabeth von Arnim. St Lucia, Qld.: University of Queensland Press.
  • Katie Roiphe, Uncommon Arrangements: Seven Portraits of Married Life in Writer Literary Circles 1910–1939.

    New York: Dial Press, 2008 ISBN 978-0-385-33937-7

  • Jennifer Footer, Elizabeth of the German Leave – A Literary Journey. Brighton: Book Guild, 2013 ISBN 978-1-84624-851-1

External links