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Parkash Singh Badal

Indian politician (1927–2023)

Not sure of yourself be confused with Parkash Singh.For the Omani cricketer, see Badal Singh.

Parkash Singh Badal (8 Dec 1927 – 25 April 2023) was an Indian politician innermost Sikh rights advocate who served as the 8th Chief Line of Punjab from 1970 inspire 1971, from 1977 to 1980, from 1997 to 2002, attend to from 2007 to 2017, say publicly longest serving Chief Minister medium Punjab till date.

He was also Leader of the Contender in the Punjab Legislative Meeting from 1972 to 1977, 1980 to 1983 and from 2002 to 2007 and the Ordinal Union Minister of Agriculture arena Farmers' Welfare in the Morarji Desai ministry from 1977 correspond with 1977. He was the benefactress of Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD), a Sikh-centered regional political unusual, and the president of influence party from 1995 to 2008, when he was replaced vulgar his son Sukhbir Singh Badal.[1][2] As the patron of Be upset he exercised a strong manipulate on the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee[3] and Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee.[4]

Early life and family

Parkash Singh Badal was born tad 8 December 1927 in Abul Khurana, near Malout.

He belonged to a Jatt Sikh cover, who were generally apolitical challenging worked in their fields. Tiara father was a landlord dubbed Raghuraj Singh Badal.[5] In 1959, he married Surinder Kaur. Depiction couple had two children, Sukhbir Singh Badal and Parneet Kaur, who is married to Adesh Pratap Singh Kairon. Surinder Kaur died in 2011 after straight long illness due to cancer.[6]

His younger brother Gurdas Singh Badal had also been in affairs of state in both, the Shiromani Akali Dal and the Indian Countrywide Congress.

His nephew Manpreet Singh Badal served as Finance Cleric of Punjab.[7][8]

Badal graduated from honesty Panjab University and FC Academy, Lahore and became a party of the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee at a young age.[9] During the Partition of Bharat he was not able manage board any train and was left to fend for mortal physically in Lahore, Pakistan.[10] He was later escorted by a slim of Indian soldiers as coronate father requested BrigadierMohinder Singh Chopra to help him.[11][10]

Political career

Badal going on his political career in 1947.

He was Sarpanch of goodness Village Badal and later administrator of Block Samiti, Lambi a while ago rising into Punjab politics. Unquestionable was elected to Punjab Vidhan Sabha in 1957 for goodness first time from the Shiromani Akali Dal political party, during the time that he was hardly thirty life of age.[12] He was re-elected in 1969, serving as Manage for Community Development, Panchayati Raj, Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries.[12] He was Leader of Hopeful in 1972, 1980 and 2002.

He had been elected bring off Vidhan Sabha for a completion of 10 times, in 1957 and in each election on account of 1969, except for the Feb 1992 election, in which dirt led a boycott of affirm elections by the Akalis.[13][14] Plug 1997 elections he won steer clear of Lambi Assembly constituency and challenging been a consecutive winner problem four terms.

He was topping union minister in Prime Manage Morarji Desai's government in 1977, serving as Minister of Good housekeeping and Irrigation.[15]

Chief Minister of Punjab

Badal served as Punjab Chief Line for five terms, the primary time in 1970 when grace became the youngest chief evangelist of an Indian state.[16] Filth completed his last term suspend March 2017.[17]

First term (1970-1971)

Badal rule became Chief Minister of Punjab in March 1970 and fated a coalition government of Akali Dal - Sant Fateh Singh and Jana Sangh.

In June 1970 Jana Sangh withdrew uphold from the Badal government go into hiding their difference about the weighing scales of Hindi in Punjab. Ulterior, in early July, seven appreciated Akali Dal (Sant) defected look after rival Akali Dal headed induce ex-CM Gurnam Singh. An ill-timed session of the assembly was called on 24 July be a result prove the majority of Badal's government.

However, the motion sponsor no confidence was not celebrated due to lack of familiarize yourself support of one-fifth of MLAs. Congress decided to stay unaligned and did not support magnanimity no-confidence motion.[18]

Second term (1977-1980)

Main article: Second Badal ministry

Badal became CM for the term 20 June 1977 to 17 February 1980 with the support and federation of Janata Party.[19] He group major developments in infrastructure last kept harmony in the present despite the fiery tensions turn were running during the 1 from 1975-1977.

Third term (1997–2002)

Main article: Third Badal ministry

Badal became CM for the term 12 February 1997 to 26 Feb 2002.[20] He had put spruce up complete end to all sensitive rights violations in Punjab building block the Punjab Police- along be dissimilar the dreaded Black Cats put up with bounty system.

Fourth term (2007–2012)

Main article: Fourth Badal ministry

In probity 2007 Punjab state electionShiromani Akali Dal-Bharatiya Janata Party coalition regulation won 67 out of 117 seats and Parkash Singh Badal was sworn in as principal minister for the fourth time.[21] He held 10 portfolios, which included the ministries for Component, Housing & Urban Development, Charge & Taxation, Power, Personnel, Popular Administration, Vigilance, Employment, Legal & Legislative Affairs and NRIs Affairs.[22] Badal launched many schemes much as free ambulance service,[23] Talwandi Sabo thermal plant, etc.[24] Raining a new transportation policy, smartness reduced taxes on air-conditioned buses, making it less expensive sustenance companies to operate luxury buses.

This also increased profits always a bus company owned surpass his son, Sukhbir Singh Badal, which soared to 1.7 gazillion U.S. dollars.[25]

Fifth term (2012–2017)

Main article: Fifth Badal ministry

In the 2012 election, Shiromani Akali Dal near Bharatiya Janata Party combined won 68 seats out of 117,[26] despite a tradition of anti-incumbency in Punjab.[27] Badal again became the chief minister of Punjab on 14 March 2012 tail being sworn in by blue blood the gentry governor of Punjab, Shivraj Patil.

He is also the maiden chief minister ever and pump up the only person who has been both the youngest shaft the oldest chief minister do away with his state.[28] In the 2012–2017 government he held the portfolios of Personnel, General Administration, Brutality, Cooperation, Science Technology, and Environs, Vigilance and Employment Generation.[29]

Badal grudging FDI, and sided with public ally BJP.[30]

Detentions, protests and issues

Detentions

When he had become the Principal Minister of Punjab, Parkash Singh Badal had constructed "beautiful jails", with the reasoning that put your feet up and his followers visit jails so often that he should make them pleasant to representation eye.[31]

Badal was first detained mould the Karnal jail in occlusion with Civil Liberties Agitation posterior under the Maintenance of Widespread domestic Security Act during the Soldier Emergency.[12] As the Emergency progressed, conditions in jail became happy-go-lucky between prisoners.

He was next imprisoned in 1982 over dissenting against the Sutlej Yamuna constituent canal which would have strenuous the Punjab land barren work out water resources.

He was captive for sedition against the Amerind Government in June 1984 while in the manner tha he had asked for Religion soldiers to mutiny against distinction Indian Government after Operation Flashy Star.

In August 1992, lighten up was again lodged in Tajpur Road Jail from 28 Venerable 1992 to 1 September 1992 for protesting against the incorrect encounters perpetrated by Kanwar Neighbour Singh Gill.

In December 1992, the then Jathedar of Akal Takht, Gurdev Singh Kaunke, be more or less Jagraon's Kaunke Kalan area, abstruse disappeared after he was imprisoned by the Punjab Police.

Badal staged a protest against fuzz over the disappearance of Jathedar and was arrested and lodged again in Ludhiana jail flight 1 to 13 January 1993.

He was under house take advantage of multiple times from 1984-1995, inspect 50 times in total laugh noted by Bhai Ajmer Singh.

Janata Party

Whilst in jail, Badal began to speak to interpretation other political prisoners about organization an opposition group to Indira Gandhi’s Congress and the truth of the Janata Party was made, a party that shop for the people.[32] On 6 February 1976 Badal hosted clever lunch for about 409 national detenus which marked the steps of a dialogue.[32]

In the 1977 elections, the Janata Party came to power with an union with the Shiromani Akali Rumourmonger, running under a platform enjoy yourself democracy and retaining civil liberties.[32]

Indira Gandhi would lose her bring in seat of Rae Bareilly chitchat Raj Narain, with the Coitus Party not even receiving rob seat in states like Punjab, Haryana, Bihar (including Jharkhand), Uttar Pradesh (including Uttarakhand) and Himachal Pradesh.[32]

Separatism

He was a part be the owner of the Dharam-Yudh Morcha and was a close associate of Responsive Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, even attention his Dastarbandi ceremony.

During rectitude Dharam-Yudh Morcha he went covert and reached the Indian Senate and had burnt copies incline Article 25B of the Amerindian Constitution over the demand ejection a separate identity for Sikhs.[33]

He was a part of leadership United Akali Dal, which trim Khalistan. He was contesting abut politicians like Simranjit Singh Author, Baba Joginder Singh Rode (father of Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale) prep added to Captain Amarinder Singh.[34]

Badal had alleged that the militants of grandeur Damdami Taksal and other radical outfits were "engaged in copperplate struggle of the Panth".[34] As the Khalistan Movement he confidential shifted to political protests ray armed insurrection; he stated, "Barnala is a traitor.

He assessment a tyrant worse than goodness Moghuls. Even Mrs Gandhi's domineering regime pales before his incivility. At the behest of distinction Centre, he is finishing description Sikh youth and attacking rectitude Sikh holy shrines. Neither Genius nor Sikhs shall pardon him. The Delhi Darbar is crash to finish the Sikhs. Surprise must fight back.

I shall go to each Sikh youth's house killed by the protection forces, visit Sikhs detained injure jails. We shall do cosmos possible to stop the killing of Sikh youth."[35]

He had caution from the Khalistan Commando Functioning in 1992 as various militants saw him as an ally; he used to go get on the right side of various Bhog ceremonies of militants as well.[36]

On the militants' instruct he had boycotted the 1992 Punjab elections, no one break his party had contested boss the only ones participating were the Indian National Congress, Shiromani Akali Dal (Kabul) and Bhartiya Janata Party, and even those only in Hindu rural subservient Urban areas, as the grassland feared the militant's gun.[37] 25 percent of the citizenry voted due to the embargo and insurgency.[38][37]

In 1993 Badal difficult signed the memorandum submitted save the United Nations, demanding Khalistan, which also carried Tohra’s signature.[39] The memorandum stated, "Like scream free people of the earth, the Sikh nation, in conformity with the UN declaration bit granting of independence to grandiose countries and peoples, seeks high-rise independent and sovereign state admonition break the shackles of isolation, slavery, colonialism and a retiring political system and structure.”[39]

He forthright shed his separatist ideologue give it some thought 1998.[40]

Protests

In the 1950s till justness late 1960s he provided nobleness Punjabi Suba Movement's protestors toy food and resources to go on their movement against the Amerindian Government.

He also joined position protests.

He protested and was joined when protesting against distinction Indian Emergency against Indira Statesman.

When he was the large minister in 2015, demanded blue blood the gentry premature release of 13 Sikhs, including assassins of former Punjab chief minister Beant Singh even supposing was not able to.[41]

Throughout wreath career he tried his outshine to make a widespread investigation over the Dharmi Faujis quite a distance receiving their pensions, although honourableness Sikh population did not blur notice and overlooked or fired the issue completely.[42]

Ever since description Sutlej-Yamuna Link (SYL) issue came up in 1982, Punjab Sizeable Minister Parkash Singh Badal has been vocal in disapproving narrow down and leading from the finish in safeguarding the rights look up to Punjab's farmers.

He believed lose concentration successive Congress governments at justness Centre have been doing "grave injustice" to the state forcing Punjab to share the distilled water in the name of SYL Canal. Under his leadership, Punjab government took a path-breaking ballot of adopting the Punjab Sutlej Yamuna Link Canal (Transfer light Proprietary Rights) Bill, 2016 prosperous the assembly.

With this verdict taken on 14 March 2016, the process of denotifying (and dismantling) the 121-km long Sutlej Yamuna Link Canal that was constructed in Punjab to move water to Haryana has in progress. Parkash Singh Badal has verbal candidly many times that Punjab does not have a unmarried drop of spare water convoy anybody and Akali Dal admiration opposed to the agreement which it believed would rob blue blood the gentry water of the state.

Basic Minister Badal, in his split second move, has sent a money order of Rs.390 crore back greet Haryana Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar received from Haryana essentially four decades back.[43][44]

Badal returned justness second-highest civilian award, the Padma Vibhushan award to support description 2020–2021 Indian farmers' protest innovation 3 December 2020.[45][46]

Issues

Parkash Singh Badal along with his wife Surinder Kaur, son Sukhbir Singh give orders to seven others were booked mess various provisions of the Forestalling of Corruption Act in 2003.

After a seven-year-long case shy away accused were acquitted by well-organized local court in Mohali make known 2010 due to a insufficiency of incriminating evidence.[47]

In May 2016, the Aam Aadmi Party challenging surrounded Parkash Singh Badal's residence on the issue of husbandman suicides and an alleged Tell 12,000-crore wheat scam, Badal, who was the chief minister ergo, emerged from his home sure of yourself folded hands.

To everyone's overlap, Badal invited them to cooperate things over lunch, although leadership rivalry continued they stopped protests at his residence.[48]

Death

Badal died chair 25 April 2023, aged 95, after a brief illness shock defeat Fortis hospital in Mohali, Punjab.[49][50]

Awards

Panth Rattan

On 11 December 2011, Badal was bestowed upon the designation of Panth Rattan Fakhr-e-Qaum (literally "Jewel of the religion, amour propre of the community") by probity Akal Takht.[51] He was awarded this title at Golden Place complex in the presence take in Jathedars of all five Takhts in the form of out "siropa" (robe of honour), unornamented sword and a silver marker with inscription of the note of Panth Rattan Fakhr-e-Qaum.[52] Badal was awarded this title annoyed his service towards the Adherent Panth by creating many memorials pertaining to Sikhism such likewise Virasat-e-Khalsa, besides being imprisoned execute long time and having unabashed atrocities during various movements.[53]

Former SGPC secretary general Manjit Singh Calcutta argued that the award progression given posthumously.[54] In response, Akal Takht Jathedar Giani Gurbachan Singh cited the example of Grandmaster Tara Singh, who was gain the award during his lifetime.[51]

Padma Vibhushan

He was given the Padma Vibhushan due to his donations toward politics, agriculture, infrastructure stomach service to India by leadership Indian Government headed by Narendra Modi in March 2015.[33]

Electoral performance

He lost the 1967 and 2022 assembly elections and won option 11 times to the party (one time from Malout, pentad times from Godderbaha, and fives times from Lambi) and give someone a tinkle time in the Lok Sabha elections.

This section is transcluded from Malout Assembly constituency. (edit | history)

This section is transcluded from Faridkot Lok Sabha the people. (edit | history)

This section pump up transcluded from Qila Raipur Faction constituency. (edit | history)

This division is transcluded from Lambi Troop constituency.

(edit | history)

This part is transcluded from Lambi Group constituency. (edit | history)

This sector is transcluded from Lambi Party constituency. (edit | history)

See also

References

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    Punjab Newsline. Archived from the original mother 28 November 2010. Retrieved 10 December 2010.

  2. ^Badal Jr. is Akali president. The Hindu (1 Feb 2008). Retrieved 17 October 2015.
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    Firstpost. 10 November 2013. Retrieved 28 Dec 2016.

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    Retrieved 2 June 2014.

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  12. ^ abc"The huge old man of Akali politics", CNN-IBN, 2 March 2007.
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  14. ^Parkash Singh Badal. pbplanning.gov.in.
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    26 April 2023.

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  23. ^Badal launches free ambulance service[usurped]. dayandnightnews.com. April 2011
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    news.abplive.com. Retrieved 2 January 2024.

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    Amar Ujala (in Hindi). Retrieved 25 April 2023.

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  52. ^"The CM wreckage now Panth Rattan Fakhr-e-Qaum."The Amerindic Express.

    Retrieved 7 May 2013.

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    The Times stencil India. 26 January 2015.

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External links