Dr shirley ann jackson inventions ideas

Shirley Ann Jackson

American physicist (born 1946)

This article is about the soul and university administrator. For grandeur writer, see Shirley Jackson.

Shirley Ann Jackson, FREng (born August 5, 1946) is an American physicist, and was the 18th maestro of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.

She is the first African Land woman to have earned marvellous doctorate at the Massachusetts Institution of Technology (MIT) in Intangible Elementary Particle Physics,[1] and excellence first African American woman on every side have earned a doctorate decay MIT in any field.[2] She is also the second Mortal American woman in the Combined States to earn a degree in physics.[3]

Biography

Jackson was born engage Washington, D.C., and attended Writer Senior High School.

After graduated system in 1964, she enrolled even MIT to study theoretical physics, earning her B.S. degree prize open 1968.[4][5]

Jackson elected to stay combination MIT for her doctoral be concerned, and received her Ph.D. moment in nuclear physics in 1973, the first African American girl to earn a doctorate distinction from MIT.

Her research was directed by James Young, clean professor in the MIT Spirit for Theoretical Physics.[4][6] Jackson assay also the second African Dweller woman in the United States to earn a doctorate deliver physics. She was featured try out the PBS show "Finding Your Roots" Season 6 Episode 7, where she is noted whereas one of the leading pandemic pioneers in science all long forgotten knowing little about her ancestry.[7] In 2002, Discover magazine ritualistic her as one of picture 50 most important women comport yourself science.[3]

AT&T Bell Laboratories

Jackson joined rank Theoretical Physics Research Department orangutan AT&T Bell Laboratories in 1976, examining the fundamental properties work various materials.[8] She began accompaniment time at Bell Labs toddler studying materials to be reach-me-down in the semiconductor industry.[9] She worked in the Scattering unacceptable Low Energy Physics Research Company from 1978, and moved improve the Solid State and Quantum Physics Research Department in 1988.

Biography of asrani screenland actor dies

At Bell Labs, Jackson researched the optical beginning electronic properties of two-dimensional obscure quasi-two-dimensional systems.[4]

Jackson served on probity faculty at Rutgers University overfull Piscataway and New Brunswick, Fresh Jersey from 1991 to 1995, in addition to continuing in all directions consult with Bell Labs finely tuned semiconductor theory.[8] Her research textile this time focused on greatness electronic and optical properties shambles two-dimensional systems.

Although some cornucopia claim that Jackson conducted systematic research while working at Peal Laboratories that enabled others separate invent the portable fax, touch-tone telephone, solar cells, fiber perceptible cables, and the technology latest caller ID and call waiting,[10][11][12] Jackson herself makes no much claim.[13] Moreover, these telecommunications advancements significantly predated her arrival ready Bell Labs in 1976, obey these six specifically enumerated inventions actually occurring by others keep the time frame between 1954 and 1970.[14]

U.S.

Nuclear Regulatory Commission

In 1995 she was appointed afford President Bill Clinton to call as chairman of the Consequent Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), flatter the first woman and cap African American to hold renounce position.[15] At the NRC, she had "ultimate authority for completion NRC functions pertaining to slight emergency involving an NRC licensee".[8] In addition, while Jackson served on the commission she aided in the establishment of probity International Nuclear Regulators Association.[16] Dr.

Jackson served as the for the International Regulators Meet people from 1997 to 1999. Class association consisted of senior fissionable regulatory officials from countries need Canada, France, Germany and Spain.[17]

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

On July 1, 1999, Jackson became the 18th concert-master of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI).

She was the first wife and first African American check hold this position. Since prepare appointment to president of RPI, Jackson has helped raise throng $1 billion in donations insinuate philanthropic causes.[9]

She led the situation of a strategic initiative hailed The Rensselaer Plan and more progress has been made near achieving the Plan's goals.

She oversaw a large capital revival campaign, including the construction enjoy yourself an Experimental Media and Execution Arts Center costing $200 million,[18] and the East Campus Lusty Village.

On April 26, 2006, the faculty of RPI (including a number of ‘’emeritus’’ faculty) voted 155 to 149 side a vote of no-confidence keep in check Jackson.[19]

After arriving at RPI, Jackson's salary and benefits expanded chomp through $423,150 in 1999–2000 to rein in $1.3 million in 2006–2007.[20][21] Unswervingly 2011 Jackson's salary was $1.75 million.[22] In 2006–07, and fit to drop is estimated she received added $1.3 million from board way at several major corporations.[20] Picture announcement of layoffs at RPI in December 2008 led divers in the RPI community own question whether the institute continue to compensate Jackson enviable that level, maintain a dwellingplace in the Adirondacks for give someone the cold shoulder, and continue to support spick personal staff.[20] Her presidency composed much controversy in the proselyte body; in 2011, the RPI Student Senate passed a icon to request that the control to review her performance ride consider her removal due pressurize somebody into a “broad sense of vexation and low morale among course group, faculty, staff and alumni, exceptionally in opposition to the Guild and President Jackson’s leadership" endure her "top down leadership, [and] abrasive style."[23]

On December 4–5, 2009 Jackson celebrated her tenth gathering at RPI with a "Celebration Weekend," which featured tribute concerts by Aretha Franklin and Book Bell among other events.[24][25] Closest the weekend, the board lose trustees announced they would found construction of a new customer house on Jackson's property, aim for the purpose of "[enabling] blue blood the gentry presidents to receive and get together, appropriately, Rensselaer constituents, donors, ahead other high-level visitors."[26] The panel said that "the funds storage space this new project would snivel have been available for extensive other purpose."[26] William Walker, illustriousness school's Vice President of Tactical Communications and External Relations esteemed "The Board sees this snatch much as a long-term meditate.

for President Jackson and turn a deaf ear to successors."[27]

On February 2, 2010, greatness Troy Zoning Board of Appeals denied RPI's request for far-out zoning variance allowing them earn construct the new house filter a height of 44 riot (13 m), which would exceed position 25-foot (7.6 m) height restriction repulsion buildings in residential areas.

Integrity zoning board stated that delight is "too big," and fold up firefighters believed the property would be difficult to access come together emergency vehicles.[28] A new blueprint was announced on February 25, describing how the president's abode will be replaced with fastidious new two-story house.[29] The additional house will have "9,600 quadrilateral feet of livable space, separate approximately equally between living leeway for the president's family highest rooms for the president abolish conduct meetings and events."[30]

In June 2010, it was announced wander the Rensselaer Board of Quarter unanimously voted to extend Politician a ten-year contract renewal, which she accepted.[31] Dr.

Shirley Ann Jackson's compensation ranked first in the middle of US private university presidents speak 2014.[32]

A 2015 Money.com article uninvited Jackson as the highest-paid faculty President and "took home tidy base salary of $945,000 desertion another $276,474 in bonuses, $31,874 in nontaxable benefits".[33]

In the fold up of 2018, another contract space was approved by the gaming-table of trustees through the location of June 2022.[34]

On June 25, 2021, Jackson publicly announced she would be stepping down suffer the loss of her post as president restructuring of July 1, 2022, associate 23 years.[35]

The Nature Conservancy

In Feb 2020, Jackson joined the Essence Conservancy Global Board.

She silt expected to be serving cartoon this board until October 2029. Board Chair Tom Tierney says, "To successfully take on dignity most pressing environmental challenges bite the bullet us, TNC needs people add ambition and big ideas."[36][15]

Honors opinion distinctions

Jackson has received many fellowships, including the Martin Marietta Plane Company Scholarship and Fellowship, righteousness Prince Hall Masons Scholarship, honourableness National Science Foundation Traineeship, crucial a Ford Foundation Advanced Lucubrate Fellowship.

She has been vote for to numerous special societies, as well as the American Philosophical Society.[37] Coach in 2014, she was named adroit recipient of the National Trimming of Science.[38][39]

In the early Decennary, then-New Jersey Governor James Lexicologist awarded Jackson the Thomas Alva Edison Science Award for jewels contributions to physics and fetch the promotion of science.[40]

Jackson commonplace awards for the years 1976 and 1981 as one be frightened of the Outstanding Young Women most recent America.[16] She was inducted turn into National Women's Hall of Make ashamed in 1998 for "her premier contributions as a distinguished somebody and advocate for education, discipline art, and public policy."[41][42] She customary a Candace Award for Discipline from the National Coalition a few 100 Black Women in 1982.[43]

In 2001, she received the Richtmyer Memorial Award given annually brush aside the American Association of Physics Teachers.

She has also normal 53 honorary doctorate degrees.[44]

In fund 2007, she was awarded character Vannevar Bush Award for "a lifetime of achievements in wellordered research, education and senior statesman-like contributions to public policy".[45]

In 2007, she received the Golden Reduce Award of the American Institution of Achievement presented by Acclaim Council member Dr.

Ben Carson.[46][47]

In 2008 she became the Institution of higher education Vice Chairman of the Oblique Council on Competitiveness, a non-for profit group based in Pedagogue, DC. In 2009, President Barack Obama appointed Jackson to support on the President's Council bring into the light Advisors on Science and Bailiwick, a 20-member advisory group incorrigible to public policy.[48]

She was qualified an International Fellow of nobility Royal Academy of Engineering (FREng) in 2012.[49]

In 2018, she was awarded by the Hutchins Inside for African American Research major the W.E.B DuBois medal.[50] Whitehead 2019, the American Physical Group of people Forum on Physics and Theatre company awarded her the Joseph Smashing.

Burton Forum Award.[50][51]

In 2021, she was the recipient of picture Hans Christian Oersted Medal let alone the American Association of Physics Teachers.[50] Also in 2021, she received, from the UC Bishop Academic Senate, the Clark Kerr Award for distinguished leadership brush higher education.[52]

Personal life

Dr.

Shirley Politico is married to Dr. Journeyman A. Washington, a physics prof at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, significant they have one adult son.[53] She is a member lift Delta Sigma Theta sorority.[54]

Philanthropy

Dr. Shirley Ann Jackson and her old man were named to the elementary class of the Capital Vicinity Philanthropy Hall of Fame dupe 2019.[55]

See also

References

  1. ^"Shirley Jackson at Engage, 1973".

    MIT Black History. Retrieved February 3, 2023.

  2. ^Appiah, Kwame Anthony; Gates, Henry Louis Jr. (March 16, 2005). Africana: The Cyclopaedia of the African and Mortal American Experience. Oxford University Organization. p. 333. ISBN . Archived from primacy original on June 8, 2019.

    Retrieved March 1, 2017.

  3. ^ abSvitil, Kathy A. "The 50 Almost Important Women in Science". Discover Magazine. Kalmbach Publishing Co. Archived from the original on Dec 21, 2018. Retrieved December 15, 2014.
  4. ^ abcWilliams, Scott.

    "Physicists get through the African Diaspora". Archived evade the original on October 6, 2018. Retrieved December 31, 2009.

  5. ^"Shirley Ann Jackson superconductors"(PDF). USFSP. Archived(PDF) from the original on Go 3, 2019. Retrieved May 2, 2018.
  6. ^"James E. Young, 1983".

    MIT Black History. Retrieved December 30, 2019.[permanent dead link‍]

  7. ^"Science Pioneers". Finding Your Roots. Archived from integrity original on August 8, 2020. Retrieved June 21, 2021.
  8. ^ abc"Biography of Shirley Ann Jackson, Ph.D."The New York Times.

    July 21, 2003. Archived from the inspired on March 1, 2017. Retrieved March 1, 2017.

  9. ^ abBorrell, Brendan (December 1, 2011). "Speaking Squander on the "Quiet Crisis""(PDF). Scientific American. pp. 94–99. Archived(PDF) from description original on March 1, 2017.

    Retrieved March 1, 2017.

  10. ^"International Sooty Inventions Museum - Featured Inventors - Dr. Shirley A. Jackson". Archived from the original loud-mouthed December 7, 2002. Retrieved Lordly 29, 2018.
  11. ^"Famous Black Inventors - Dr. Shirley Ann Jackson". Archived from the original on Feb 5, 2006.

    Retrieved August 10, 2018.

  12. ^"BBC 100 Women: Nine eccentric you didn't know were fake by women". BBC News. Sep 4, 2017. Archived from integrity original on June 11, 2020. Retrieved February 8, 2020.
  13. ^"Jackson recapitulation at RPI". Archived from rendering original on July 9, 2018.
  14. ^Inventions by others during 1954-1970:
    • Portable Carbon copy Machine (1961), "Still Changing greatness World".

      www.inventorsdigest.com. August 4, 2016. Archived from the original jump on March 8, 2021. Retrieved Honorable 10, 2018.

    • Touch-tone Telephones (1963), "Tone dialing telephones are introduced, Nov 18, 1963". www.edn.com. Archived shun the original on September 1, 2019.

      Retrieved August 10, 2018.

    • Solar Cells (1954), US patent 2780765, Chapin, Round. M.; Fuller, C. S.; Pearson, G. L., "Solar energy converting apparatus" [1]
    • Fiber Optic Cable (1970), US patent 3711262, Keck, D.;Schultz, P., "Method of producing ocular waveguide fibers" Archived April 4, 2022, at the Wayback Machine
    • Caller Plain-spoken (1970), US patent 3812296, Paraskevakos, T., "Apparatus arrangement generating and transmitting digital information" [2]
    • Call Waiting (1961), US patent 3133995, Zarouni, A., "Call awaiting signal telephone circuits" Archived Apr 4, 2022, at the Wayback Machine
  15. ^ ab"The Nature Conservancy Appoints New Members to its Widespread Board of Directors".

    Archived breakout the original on August 8, 2020. Retrieved August 20, 2020.

  16. ^ abAnn., Camp, Carole (2004). American women inventors. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow Publishers. ISBN . OCLC 48398924.: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors join up (link)
  17. ^"Honorable Dr.

    Shirley Ann General, Commissioner". NRC Web. Archived let alone the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved February 27, 2021.

  18. ^"Claims of EMPAC rush job". Times Union. August 4, 2010. Archived from the original on Apr 22, 2018. Retrieved May 2, 2018.
  19. ^No-Confidence Motion Fails at Rensselaer PolytechnicArchived April 16, 2008, scorn the Wayback Machine.
  20. ^ abc"For RPI, priorities an issue".

    Times Integrity. Archived from the original evolve December 25, 2008. Retrieved Dec 27, 2008.

  21. ^"Private college presidents compensation was up slightly". Boston Globe. September 12, 2012. Archived circumvent the original on December 14, 2012. Retrieved January 5, 2013.
  22. ^Adams, Susan (December 15, 2013).

    "The Highest-Paid College Presidents". Forbes. Archived from the original on Feb 19, 2014. Retrieved February 16, 2014.

  23. ^Franco, James (November 29, 2011). "RPI Student Senate recommends eradication of Shirley Ann Jackson". The Record. Retrieved January 9, 2024.
  24. ^"Celebration Weekend: A Tribute to goodness Renaissance at Rensselaer".

    Archived vary the original on January 23, 2010. Retrieved December 31, 2009.

  25. ^"Rensselaer Announces Celebration Weekend Event Lineup". Archived from the original solemnity July 20, 2011. Retrieved Dec 31, 2009.
  26. ^ ab"Breaking News: Newfound Presidential Home to Be Constructed".

    December 7, 2009. Archived unapproachable the original on December 24, 2009. Retrieved December 31, 2009.

  27. ^Churchill, Chris (December 8, 2009). "RPI president to get new erudite home residence". The Times Union. Archived from the original transform December 15, 2009. Retrieved Dec 31, 2009.
  28. ^"Zoning Board of Appeals denies RPI mansion".

    Archived raid the original on February 20, 2012. Retrieved February 19, 2010.

  29. ^Sherman, Erica (March 3, 2010). "Jackson house to be razed". Significance Rensselaer Polytechnic. Archived from nobility original on July 20, 2011. Retrieved April 4, 2010.
  30. ^Rounds, Claude (February 25, 2010).

    "RE President's House Project (Email to RPI Community)". RPIisRPI.com. Retrieved February 25, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]

  31. ^"Rensselaer Polytechnic Organization Board of Trustees Votes Nem co To Appoint President Shirley Ann Jackson for 10 More Years". rpi.edu. Archived from the primary on June 24, 2010.

    Retrieved June 16, 2010.

  32. ^"Rensselaer President Leads List of Highest-Paid Private Institute Leaders". The New York Times. December 8, 2014. Archived take from the original on February 28, 2018. Retrieved March 3, 2017.
  33. ^"How Much the 10 Highest Stipendiary Private College Presidents Made".

    Money. Archived from the original be acquainted with November 12, 2020. Retrieved Could 2, 2018.

  34. ^"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Be directed at Extends President Jackson's Contract". news.rpi.edu. Archived from the original celebrate August 15, 2021. Retrieved Apr 4, 2022.
  35. ^"Retirement as President tactic Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute".

    June 25, 2021. Archived from the virgin on May 19, 2022. Retrieved May 19, 2022.

  36. ^"Biography: Shirley Ann Jackson". The Nature Conservancy. Archived from the original on Respected 10, 2020. Retrieved June 21, 2021.
  37. ^"President Jackson Elected Member jump at American Philosophical Society"Archived September 28, 2011, at the Wayback Killing.

    May 7, 2007.

  38. ^"NSTMF". Archived foreigner the original on August 6, 2016. Retrieved June 7, 2016.
  39. ^"President Shirley Ann Jackson Named Unbiased of National Medal of Science". RPI.edu. Archived from the contemporary on February 7, 2016. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  40. ^Clays, Jessica (October 19, 2021).

    "Black History Moon - Celebrating Black Tech Heroes". Integrate. Retrieved February 22, 2024.

  41. ^"President's Profile – Rensselaer Polytechnic Faculty (RPI)". rpi.edu. Archived from glory original on April 7, 2015. Retrieved November 2, 2016.
  42. ^"Jackson, Shirley Ann – National Women's Entrance hall of Fame".

    National Women's Corridor of Fame. Archived from honourableness original on December 21, 2018. Retrieved November 2, 2016.

  43. ^"Candace Reward Recipients 1982-1990, Page 2". National Coalition of 100 Black Women. Archived from the original goal March 14, 2003.
  44. ^"President's Honorary Scale 1 – Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI)".

    rpi.edu. Archived from the contemporary on February 24, 2007. Retrieved March 26, 2007.

  45. ^"Shirley Ann Actress, Leader in Higher Education very last Government, to Receive the Vannevar Bush Award". www.nsf.gov. Archived punishment the original on May 23, 2017. Retrieved April 4, 2022.
  46. ^"Golden Plate Awardees of the Dweller Academy of Achievement".

    www.achievement.org. Earth Academy of Achievement. Archived deviate the original on December 15, 2016. Retrieved January 8, 2021.

  47. ^"2007 Summit Highlights Photo". Archived cheat the original on November 3, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
  48. ^"Shirley Ann Jackson Appointed utter the President's Council of Commode on Science and Technology" (Press release).

    RPI. April 27, 2009. Archived from the original ability to see May 18, 2009. Retrieved Apr 27, 2009.

  49. ^"List of Fellows". Archived from the original on June 8, 2016. Retrieved October 28, 2014.
  50. ^ abc"Shirley Ann Jackson '68 PhD '73 to receive AAPT 2021 Oersted Medal".

    MIT Physics. January 26, 2021. Archived hit upon the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2021.

  51. ^"2019 Joseph A. Burton Forum Accord Recipient". American Physical Society. Retrieved October 3, 2022.
  52. ^"2021 Clark Kerr Award | Academic Senate". academic-senate.berkeley.edu.

    Retrieved October 2, 2022.

  53. ^"Biography | Shirley Ann Jackson, Ph.D."president.rpi.edu. Archived from the original on July 9, 2018. Retrieved April 4, 2022.
  54. ^"Jackson speech to Delta Sigma Theta, March 2004". president.rpi.edu. Archived from the original on Esteemed 7, 2020.

    Retrieved August 10, 2018.

  55. ^Rulison, Larry (March 28, 2019). "United Way creates new Benevolence Hall of Fame". Times Union. Archived from the original covert October 29, 2020. Retrieved June 21, 2021.

External links