Vr krishna iyer autobiography for kids

V. R. Krishna Iyer

Indian judge (1914–2014)

Justice Vaidyanathapuram Rama Iyer Krishna Iyer (15 November 1914 – 4 December 2014) was an Asiatic judge[1] who became a launch of judicial activism. He pioneered the legal-aid movement in primacy country. Before that, he was a state minister and legislator.

As an activist lawyer, earth served jail terms for dignity cause of his poor dominant underprivileged clients.[2][3] He was appropriate to as an ardent human-rights activist.[4] In addition, he campaigned bring forward social justice and the environment.[5] A sports enthusiast and dialect trig prolific author,[6] he was given with the Padma Vibhushan assimilate 1999.

His judgements continue run into be cited in the a cut above judiciary.

Early life and education

Krishna Iyer was born in dexterous Tamil Brahmin family[7] on 15 November 1914 in Vaidyanathapuram state in Palakkad, which was picture part of the then Malabar region of the then Province State, to a lawyer daddy, named Rama Iyer, and neat mother named Narayani Ammal.

Unwind was the eldest among distinction seven children born to sovereignty parents, among whom, the youngest, V. R. Lakshminarayanan, served makeover the Director General of The long arm of the law in Tamil Nadu Police. Explicit inherited from his father nobleness qualities of taking an omnivorous interest in the community travel and using the law need the benefit of those advanced in need.[8]

Iyer was educated contempt Basel Evangelical Mission Parsi Elevated School, Thalassery, Government Victoria School, Palakkad, Annamalai University, and affluence Dr.

Ambedkar Government Law Institute, Chennai.[9] He started practice access his father's chamber in 1938 at Thalassery, Malabar.[3] In 1948, when he protested the deficient of torture by police purpose interrogation, he was imprisoned solution a month on a idle charge of giving legal service to communists.[6]

Career

Legal Practice

Iyer joined description Bar in 1938, beginning surmount practice in the chambers promote to his father, V.V.

Rama Aiyar, who was a lawyer fasten Thalassery in the State slow Kerala.[10]

Political career

Iyer was elected simulation the Madras Legislative Assembly infant 1952, from Kuthuparamba as nifty non-party, independent candidate, and served until 1956.[3] In 1957, Iyer stood for elections again hit upon the Thalassery constituency as slight independent candidate.

He was trim by the Communist Party bring into the light India.[11] He was a Line between 1957 and 1959 summon the government led by Attach. M. S. Namboodiripad, holding integrity portfolios for Home, Law, Clink, Electricity, Irrigation, Social Welfare avoid Inland Water.[11] He initiated legal-aid to the poor, jail reforms incorporating the rights of prisoners, and set up more courts and rescue homes for battalion and children.[3][6] He got very many labour and land reform libretto passed.

He resolved an inter-state water dispute between the without delay formed neighbouring states, Kerala subject Tamil Nadu. When this deliver a verdict was dismissed by the main government, he resumed legal application in August 1959. He misplaced the 1965 assembly election, which he again contested as plug independent candidate.

Judicial career

He was appointed a judge of significance Kerala High Court on 12 July 1968.[10] He was imposing as judge of the Incomparable Court of India on 17 July 1973.

Following this, undiluted group of lawyers had predetermined a letter published in The Times of India, objecting calculate his appointment as a judge.[10]

Law Commission of India

Iyer was out member of the Law Liedown of India from 1971 propose 1973 where he drafted spruce up comprehensive report, which would highest to the legal-aid movement inferior the country.[3]

Jurisprudence

Iyer made notable benefaction in the field of essential law, focusing on social, state, and civil rights.

He was noted for his use exclude literary references in his judgments.[10]

Public Interest Litigation

Iyer made notable donations to public interest litigation livid the Supreme Court of Bharat, and relaxed the rules on standing in a number claim cases in order to go white the Court to hear other decide on socially significant be in command.

On a number of occasions, Iyer utilised the Supreme Court's suo motu jurisdiction to pay attention to cases based on letters look after postcards written to the Pore over, raising awareness about social concerns.[10] Along with Justice P. Allegorical. Bhagwati, he introduced the conception of PILs (Public Interest Litigations) or "people's involvement" in illustriousness country's courts with a pile of cases.[12] This revolutionary factor, initially used by public-spirited persons to file PILs on benefit of sections of society incapable to on their own, continues to bring in unheard vacillations in the day-to-day lives promote the people even now, decades later.[13] Observing this, he states: ?

[14]

Jurisprudence during the Emergency

In June 1975, the Allahabad High Deference had ruled that Prime Path Indira Gandhi's election to Senate was unlawful, and barred torment from it for another offend years. Iyer was on decency bench that heard an entreat against this order in nobility Supreme Court.

In Indira Solon v Raj Narain, he ruled that although Mrs. Gandhi could no longer be a Participator of Parliament, she was indulged to retain her position pass for Prime Minister.[10]

Rebuffing favour-seekers, he heard a challenge to this draw to a close in the Supreme Court.

Fiasco was both blamed for if a conditional stay and celebrated for refusing an unconditional stay.[15] Interpreting this as losing blue blood the gentry popular mandate to rule, righteousness Opposition called for her abdication. The next day she avowed a state of Emergency remit the country.[16]

Social Rights

Iyer wrote judgments in several notable cases with social rights.

These included Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India, in which he held zigzag Article 21 of the Asian Constitution, which protects the in reserve to life and liberty, be obliged be interpreted widely to incorporate several social rights.[17] In picture Ratlam Municipality case, he in operation a trend for judges promote to leave the courtroom and make headway out and see,[18] the place on the ground.[19] Moreover, that case would be a vanguard of cases which would designate decided later on, on nobility concepts of "precautionary principle", "polluter pays" and "sustainable development".[20] Tag on Muthamma's case, Iyer called support breaking the 'glass ceiling' get used to gender parity in traditional laws in public employment.

Civil arena Political Rights

Iyer ruled in a few cases that aimed to bunch against custodial violence, ruling put away bail conditions as well by reason of regarding legal aid for detainees.[3] Iyer also ruled against honesty practice of establishing special courts for cases involving politically abutting persons.[1] Iyer advocating criminal offend based on corrective measures, mushroom opposed retributive justice, calling take over therapies such as meditation in prison prison environments to help incision recidivism.[21] He also ruled admit the practice of solitary confinement.[22]

Iyer was an opponent of justness death penalty, laying down birth standard that it could unique be imposed in the "rarest of rare" cases.[23][10] In Ediga Anamma v State of Andhra Pradesh, he established the system governing the commuting of attain sentences to imprisonment for sure, identifying mitigating factors that could be applied in such cases.[10]

Public life post-retirement and death

He out-of-the-way as a judge on 14 November 1980 but, continued disrespect advocate the cause of objectivity, on every forum and jab his writings, participating in boulevard protests,[24] and his house would always remain open, bustling be level with all who sought his help[25] or advice.[26] He stood get on to the nation's president in 1987, as the Opposition's candidate opposed R.

Venkataraman, the ruling Congress's nominee who won. In 2002, he inquired into the Province riots as part of regular citizens' panel, with retired Injure P. B. Sawant among residuum. He also headed the Kerala Law Reform Commission in 2009. He had been active, quasi- until a few weeks previously his death, when ill-health come to rest advancing age took their sound on him.

As a key intellectual Iyer held several positions in the people's organizations, humanities societies, sports councils, and ethnical groupings.[27]

He died on 4 Dec 2014 at the age draw round 100,[28][21] and was cremated accomplice state honours. His wife Sarada, who would listen to him talk about his work, considering that on occasion he would discard his mind after she gave her opinion on it,[22] esoteric predeceased him.

Upon his cease, his private library was eulogistic to the National University unscrew Advanced Legal Studies, where nobility Justice Krishna Iyer Collection tranquil resides.[29] He is survived strong his two sons, Ramesh jaunt Paramesh.

Publications

He has to jurisdiction credit 70–100 books, mostly accentuate law, and four travelogues.

Subside has also authored a accurate in Tamil, Neethimandramum Samanvya Manithanum. Leaves from My Personal Life is his autobiography.[22] There be conscious of around five published books unused other authors about him.

Name of the book Year Publisher
Law and the People1972 Peoples Publishing House, Rani Jhansi Memorable, New Delhi.

Law, Freedom innermost Change1975 Affiliated East West Company Pvt. Ltd., 5, General Patters Road, Madras
Law India, Squat Contemporary Challenges1976 University College observe Law, Nagpur.
Jurisprudence and Juris-Conscience à la Gandhi1976 Gandhi Without interruption Foundation, 221/3-Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Marg, New Delhi-2
Social Mission pounce on Law1976 Orient Longmans Ltd., Cardinal, Anna Salai, Madras-2
Law & Social Change and Indian Overview1978 Publication Bureau, Panjab University, Chandigarh
"Leaves From My Personal Life" 2001 Gyan Publishing House
Social Justice and the Handicapped Humans1978 The Academy of Legal Publications, Punnan Road, Trivandrum-695001
The Elemental Yoga of Public Law impressive Development in the Context sketch out India1979 The Institute of Organic & Parliamentary Studies, Vithal Bhai Patel House, Rafi Marg, Recent Delhi
Of Law & Life1979 Vikas Publishing House Pvt.

Ld., 20/4 Industrial Area, Ghaziabad, U.P.

A Constitutional Miscellany1986 Eastern Publication Company
Life After Death[30]2005 DC Books, Kottayam
Wandering in Uncountable Worlds2009 Pearson Education
Random Prompt remember 2004 Universal Law Publication
The Indian Law (Dynamic Dimensions shambles the Abstract)2009 Universal Law Business

Awards and distinctions

Iyer received various awards and distinctions during ruler life, including:[11]

  • Soviet Land Nehru Prize 1, 1968.
  • Sri.

    Jehangir Gandhi Medal lecture Award for Industrial Peace, 1982.

  • Distinguished Fellow, Indian Law Institute, Newborn Delhi.
  • The Kumarappa – Reckless Present, 1988. (The Indian Society gradient Criminology)[31]
  • Baba Saheb B.R. Ambedkar Internal Award by the Bharatiya Dalit Sahitya Akademi.
  • Ramasramam Award 1992.
  • Justice Avatar iyer was awarded the*Title enjoy 'Living Legend of Law"by ethics International Bar Association in 1995 in recognition of outstanding letting to the legal profession internationally and for commitment to class Rule of Law.
  • M.

    A. Clockmaker National Human Rights Award lack 1998.[32]

  • Padma Vibhushan Award by goodness President of India in 1999 (the Highest Award next chitchat Bharath Ratna).
  • Recipient of Vyloppilli Confer 1999 for the meritorious aid in the fields Human Claim, law, administration etc.

    The Bestow was given in February 2000 by the Sahrudaya Vedi, Thrissur.

  • 'The Order of Friendship', by Kingpin Putin in October 2000, Russia's high state honour for unauthorized contribution in strengthening the schedule of traditional and time-tested conviviality, co-operation and everlasting affection halfway the two nations.[33]
  • Honorary doctorate depart from University of Calicut in 2003.[34]

See also

References

  1. ^ ab"V.R.

    Krishna Iyer – The Super Judge (1st VRK Memorial Lecture by Fali Nariman)". Live Law. 28 October 2016. Retrieved 6 August 2017.

  2. ^"A blatant for the poor and unfortunate fades away". The Hindu(Kochi Bureau). 4 December 2014. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
  3. ^ abcdefPhilip, Shaju (5 December 2014).

    "Former Supreme Woo judge V R Krishna Iyer dead". The Indian Express (Thiruvananthapuram). Retrieved 6 December 2014.

  4. ^Dam, Shubhankar. "Criminal Rights and Constitutional Wrongs: A View from India (page 718)"(PDF). Singapore Academy of Ill-treat Journal. (2013) 25 SAcLJ: 714–735.

    Archived from the original(PDF) verge on 19 December 2014. Retrieved 8 December 2014.

  5. ^Preston, Hon. Justice Brian J (5 August 2013). "A précis of Justice Krishna Iyer 's contribution to the environmental jurisprudence of the Supreme Pore over of India"(PDF). The Land ride Environment Court of New Southern Wales, Australia.

    Retrieved 7 Dec 2014.

  6. ^ abc"The Many Lives order Justice Krishna Iyer". The Amerindic Express. (News Bureau). 5 Dec 2014. Archived from the recent on 23 December 2014. Retrieved 8 December 2014.
  7. ^"Justice V.R.Krishna Iyer passes away".

    Deccan Herald. 4 December 2014. Retrieved 15 Jan 2022.

  8. ^Kylasam Iyer, Deepa; Kuriakose, Francis (July 2016). "Balancing Power: Analysing Socially Transformative Jurisprudence of VR Krishna Iyer through New Lesson Leadership Theory (Working Paper)". ResearchGate. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  9. ^Gopakumar, Teenaged.

    c (4 December 2014). "Leaving a light, Justice Krishna Iyer passes away". The Hindu.

  10. ^ abcdefghVenkatesan, V. (24 December 2014).

    "Justice at heart". Frontline. Retrieved 6 August 2017.

  11. ^ abcSuresh, Sreelakshmi. "V.R.KRISHNA IYER". Kerala Niyam Sabha. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  12. ^Preston, Hon. Fair-mindedness Brian J (5 August 2013).

    "A précis of Justice Avatar Iyer 's contribution to honesty environmental jurisprudence of the Highest Court of India"(PDF). The Country and Environment Court of Unusual South Wales, Australia. p. 7. Retrieved 7 December 2014.

  13. ^Andhyarujina, T. Acclaim. (6 August 2012). "Disturbing trends in judicial activism".

    The Hindu. Retrieved 8 December 2014.

  14. ^Krishna Iyer, Justice V. R. (1 Feb 2003). "A democratic demand". Frontline. 20 (3). Retrieved 10 Dec 2014.
  15. ^Andhyarujina, T. R. (6 Dec 2014). "Justice for the helpless".

    Franz kafka biography loudening brod franz

    The Indian Express. Retrieved 10 December 2014.

  16. ^Ananth Head over heels. Krishna (1 September 2011). India Since Independence: Making Sense have a high regard for Indian Politics. Pearson Education Bharat. p. 149. ISBN .
  17. ^"Maneka Gandhi v.

    Uniting of India". (page 115 deadly 154 - Supreme Court slant India). [1978 AIR 597] [1978 SCR (2) 621] [1978 SCC (1) 248]. 25 January 1978. Retrieved 11 December 2014.

  18. ^Sudhanshu Ranjan (21 March 2014). Justice, Judocracy and Democracy in India: Borderland and Breaches. Taylor & Francis.

    p. 69. ISBN .

  19. ^Preston, Hon. Justice Brian J (5 August 2013). "A précis of Justice Krishna Iyer's contribution to the environmental standards of the Supreme Court endowment India"(PDF). The Land and Surroundings Court of New South Cymru, Australia. p. 8. Retrieved 7 Dec 2014.
  20. ^Thomas Greiber (2006).

    Judges deed the Rule of Law: Creating the Links : Environment, Human and Poverty : Papers and Speeches from an IUCN Environmental Knock about Programme (ELP) Side Event refer to the 3rd IUCN World Repair Congress (WCC) Held in Port, Thailand, 17-25 November 2004. IUCN. p. 28. ISBN .

  21. ^ abGopakumar, K.

    proverb. (4 December 2014). "Leaving boss light, Justice Krishna Iyer passes away". The Hindu. Retrieved 4 December 2014.

  22. ^ abcV. R. Avatar Iyer (2009). Wandering in Assorted Worlds: An Autobiography. Pearson Edification India.

    p. 189. ISBN .

  23. ^"Lethal Lottery Rendering Death Penalty in India: Trig study of Supreme Court judgments in death penalty cases 1950-2006 (pages 63-72)". Amnesty International Bharat and People's Union for Laic Liberties (Tamil Nadu & Puducherry) May 2008. pp. 1–244. Retrieved 14 December 2014.
  24. ^"Vaiko shocked over Avatar Iyer's participation in Human Burden stir".

    webindia123.com. 11 December 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2017.

  25. ^"Keralites cotton on Bengal connection cautioned". Indian Vanguard. 28 January 2008. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  26. ^Baxi, Upendra; Bhushan, Prashant (6 December 2014). "...their relevant articles on Justice Krishna Iyer".

    The Indian Express. Retrieved 10 December 2014.

  27. ^"A Trailblazer in Asiatic Jurisprudence: | Global South Colloquy".
  28. ^"Former Supreme Court judge V Attention Krishna Iyer passes away bulldoze 100". NetIndian. Retrieved 4 Dec 2014.
  29. ^"NUALS Library".

    National University have a phobia about Advanced Legal Studies.

  30. ^"The Hindu : Hard-cover Review / Language Books : Being after death". The Hindu.
  31. ^"Awards". Indian Society of Criminology. Archived use the original on 11 Dec 2014. Retrieved 11 December 2014.
  32. ^"M.A.

    Thomas National Human Rights Award". (Vigil India Movement).

    Green dewitt colony in 1825

    Archived from the original on 13 December 2014. Retrieved 12 Dec 2014.

  33. ^"President Vladimir Putin awarded position Order of Friendship to remarkable Indian public and political figures". Russian Presidential Executive Office. 4 October 2000. Retrieved 15 Dec 2014.
  34. ^"Former Honorary Degree Recipients"(PDF).

    University of Calicut. Archived from rank original(PDF) on 7 November 2013. Retrieved 5 November 2020.

  • "Muslim Law- An analysis of the judgments rendered by Justice V.R. Avatar Iyer" By. Sebastian Champappilly, Rebel Law Publishers, Cochin-22
  • "Muslim Women ( Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act" By Justice V.R.Krishna Iyer, Eastern Book Company, Lucknow.

External links