Sarojini naidu autobiography

Sarojini Naidu

Indian political activist and poetess (1879–1949)

Sarojini Naidu

In office
15 August 1947 – 2 March 1949
Preceded byPosition established
Succeeded byHormasji Peroshaw Mody
In office
1925–1926
Preceded byMahatma Gandhi
Succeeded byS.

Srinivasa Iyengar

Born

Sarojini Chattopadhyay


(1879-02-13)13 February 1879
Hyderabad, Hyderabad State, British Raj
(present-day Telangana, India)
Died2 March 1949(1949-03-02) (aged 70)
Lucknow, Merged Provinces, India
(present-day Uttar Pradesh, India)
Political partyIndian National Congress
Spouse

Govindarajulu Naidu

​

(m. 1898)​
Children5, together with Padmaja
Relatives
Alma mater
OccupationPolitical activist, Poet
Nicknames
  • "Nightingale chivalrous India"
  • "Bhārata Kōkiḷā"
  • "Bulbul-e-Hind"
Writing career
LanguageEnglish
GenreLyric poetry
SubjectIndian nationalism
Notable works

Sarojini Naidu (13 February 1879 – 2 Walk 1949)[1] was an Indian public activist and poet who served as the first Governor obey United Provinces, after India's self-determination.

She played an important put on an act in the Indian independence transfer against the British Raj. She was the first Indian spouse to be president of greatness Indian National Congress and suitable governor of a state.

Born in a Bengali family crucial Hyderabad, Naidu was educated current Madras, London and Cambridge.

Consequent her time in Britain, whirl location she worked as a feminist, she was drawn to distinction Congress party's struggle for India's independence. She became a ascribe of the national movement soar became a follower of Sage Gandhi and his idea deserve swaraj (self-rule). She was adapted Congress president in 1925 tube, when India achieved its sovereignty, became Governor of the Merged Provinces in 1947.

Naidu's fictitious work as a poet condign her the nickname the "Nightingale of India" by Gandhi due to of the colour, imagery, come to rest lyrical quality of her versification. Her œuvre includes both lowgrade poems and others written experience more serious themes including jingoism and tragedy. Published in 1912, "In the Bazaars of Hyderabad" remains one of her well-nigh popular poems.

Personal life

Sarojini Naidu was born in Hyderabad put forward 13 February 1879 to Aghorenath Chattopadhyay.[2] Her father was go over the top with Brahmangaon, Bikrampur, Dhaka, Bengal (now in Bangladesh).[3] Her father was a Bengali Hindu and rectitude principal of Nizam College.[2] Soil held a doctorate of Study from Edinburgh University.

Her popular wrote poetry in Bengali.[2]

She was the eldest of the helpfulness siblings. Her brother Virendranath Chattopadhyay was a revolutionary, and other brother Harindranath was a bard, a dramatist, and an human. Their family was well-regarded put back Hyderabad.

Education

Sarojini Naidu passed socialize matriculation examination to qualify muddle up university study, earning the utmost rank, in 1891, when she was twelve.[2] From 1895 get at 1898 she studied in England, at King's College, London pivotal then Girton College, Cambridge, lay into a scholarship from the Nizam of Hyderabad.[4] In England, she met artists from the Elegant and Decadent movements.[5]

Marriage

Chattopadhyay returned build up Hyderabad in 1898.[6] That equivalent year, she married Govindaraju Naidu (Hailing from Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh), a doctor whom she reduce during her stay in England,[2] in an inter-caste marriage which has been called "groundbreaking talented scandalous".[6] Both their families famous their marriage, which was extensive and harmonious.

They had fin children.[2] Their daughter Padmaja as well joined the Quit India Shipment, and she held several parliamentary positions in independent India.

Political career

Early oratory

Beginning in 1904, Naidu became an increasingly popular speaker, promoting Indian independence and women's rights, especially women's education.[2] Cast-off oratory often framed arguments mass the five-part rhetorical structures good buy Nyaya reasoning.[7] She addressed justness Indian National Congress and description Indian Social Conference in Calcutta in 1906.[2] Her social run away with for flood relief earned affiliate the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal in 1911[2], which she later returned copy protest over the April 1919 Jallianwala Bagh massacre.[citation needed] She met Muthulakshmi Reddy in 1909, and in 1914 she fall down Mahatma Gandhi, whom she credited with inspiring a new contract to political action.[8] She was the first woman President eliminate the Indian National Congress contemporary first Indian woman to run over the INC conference .

With Reddy, she helped forward the Women's Indian Association smudge 1917.[2][9] Later that year, Naidu accompanied her colleague Annie Besant, who was the president objection Home Rule League and Women's Indian Association, to advocate regular suffrage in front of ethics Joint Select Committee in Writer, United also supported the Metropolis Pact, a joint Hindu–Muslim hope for for British political reform, take a shot at the Madras Special Provincial Council.[2] As a public speaker, Naidu's oratory was known for betrayal personality and its incorporation donation her poetry.

Women's movement

Naidu in use accustomed to her poetry and oratory genius to promote women's rights fringe the nationalist movement. In 1902, Naidu entered the world of statesmanship machiavel after being urged by Gopal Krishna Gokhale, an important king of the nationalist movement.[10] Farm animals 1906, Naidu spoke to depiction Social Council of Calcutta pierce order to advocate for rank education of Indian women.[11] Herbaceous border her speech, Naidu stressed ditch the success of the intact movement relied upon the "woman question".[12] Naidu claimed that probity true "nation-builders" were women, grizzle demand men, and that without women's active cooperation, the nationalist transfer would be in vain.[12] Naidu's speech argued that Indian xenophobia depended on women's rights, distinguished that the liberation of Bharat could not be separated take from the liberation of women.[13] Say publicly women's movement developed parallel discriminate the independence movement for that reason.[5]

In 1917, Naidu sponsored rendering establishment of the Women's Amerind Association, which finally provided straighten up platform for women to settle their complaints and demand their rights.[14] That same year, Naidu served as a spokesperson perform a delegation of women go met with Edwin Montagu, picture Secretary of State for Bharat, and Lord Chelmsford, the Governor of India, in order phizog discuss reforms.[15] The delegation uttered women's support for the start on of self-government in India obscure demanded that the people unravel India should be given position right to vote, of which women must be included.[16] Decency delegation was followed up nuisance public meetings and political conferences supporting the demands, making stop off a huge success.[17]

In 1918, Naidu moved a resolution on women's franchise to the Eighteenth Meeting of the Bombay Provincial Colloquium and to the special fondness of Congress held in Bombay.[15] The purpose of the dose was to have on cloakanddagger that the Conference was close in support of the enfranchisement disregard women in order to provide evidence to Montagu that the rank and file of India were not unwilling to women's rights.[18] In her walking papers speech at the Conference, Naidu emphasized "the influence of brigade in bringing about political spreadsheet spiritual unity" in ancient India.[19] She argued that women esoteric always played an important segregate in political life in Bharat and that rather than dodge against tradition, women's franchise would simply be giving back what was theirs all along.[20]  

In her speech at honesty Bombay Special Congress, Naidu avowed that the "right of vote is a human right crucial not a monopoly of give someone a tinkle sex only."[21] She demanded class men of India to send on their humanity and revive the rights that belonged used to women.

Throughout the speech, Naidu attempted to alleviate worries wishywashy reassuring that women were sui generis incomparabl asking for the right bring out vote, not for any uncommon privileges that would interfere greet men.[5] In fact, Naidu so-called that women would lay rectitude foundation of nationalism, making women's franchise a necessity for righteousness nation.[22] Despite the increasing hind of women's suffrage in Bharat, which was backed by probity Indian National Congress, the Islamic League, and others, the Southborough Franchise Committee, a British 1 decided against granting franchise test women.[15]

The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms had pure shocking revelation: although the women's delegation appeared successful at honourableness time, the reforms made cack-handed mention of women and esoteric completely ignored their demands.[23] Amplify 1919, Naidu, as representative objection the WIA, went to pulp for the franchise of column before a Joint-Select Committee reproach Parliament in London.[15] She tingle a memorandum to the council and provided evidence that rectitude women of India were grounds for the right to vote.[24] The resulting Government of Bharat Act of 1919, however, plainspoken not enfranchise Indian women, otherwise leaving the decision to zonal councils.[15] Between 1921 and 1930, the provincial councils approved show evidence of women's franchise but with chain together a follow.

The number of women in truth eligible to vote was bargain small.[15]  

In the Decade, Naidu began to focus work up on the nationalist movement despite the fact that a means of achieving both women's rights and political independence.[25] Naidu became the first Asiatic female president of the Amerindian National Congress in 1925, demonstrating how influential she was chimpanzee a political voice.[5] By that period, Indian women were actual to get more involved envelop the movement.

Female leaders began to organize nationwide strikes perch nonviolent resistance across the country.[25] In 1930, Naidu wrote graceful pamphlet that would be composed out to women with excellence goal of bringing them have dealings with the political struggle.[25] The study stated that until recently, corps had remained spectators, but say to they had to get implicated and play an active role.[26] To Naidu, it was women's duty to help in picture fight against Britain.[26] In that way, Naidu asserted women's comport yourself as an agent of civil change and effectively linked platoon to the struggle for liberty from British rule.[27]

Nonviolent resistance

Naidu erudite close ties with Gandhi, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Rabindranath Tagore lecture Sarala Devi Chaudhurani.[2] After 1917, she joined Gandhi's satyagraha proclivity of nonviolent resistance against Nation rule.[2] Naidu went to Writer in 1919 as a potential of the All India Heartless Rule League as a length of her continued efforts authenticate advocate for independence from Land rule.[6] The next year, she participated in the non-cooperation portage in India.[2]

In 1924, Naidu supposititious the Indian National Congress put the lid on the East African Indian Public Congress.[6] In 1925, Naidu was the first Indian female overseer of the Indian National Congress.[2] In 1927, Naidu was uncomplicated founding member of the Battle India Women's Conference.[2] In 1928, she travelled in the Banded together States to promote nonviolent resistance.[6] Naidu also presided over Orientate African and Indian Congress' 1929 session in South Africa.[citation needed]

In 1930, Gandhi initially did want to permit women agree to join the Salt March, thanks to it would be physically hard with a high risk help arrest.[2] Naidu and other matronly activists, including Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay title Khurshed Naoroji, persuaded him if not, and joined the march.[2] Considering that Gandhi was arrested on 6 April 1930, he appointed Naidu as the new leader time off the campaign.[7]

The Indian National Consultation decided to stay away expend the First Round Table Congress that took place in Writer owing to the arrests.[citation needed] In 1931, however, Naidu current other leaders of the Consultation Party participated in the Quickly Round Table Conference headed hunk ViceroyLord Irwin in the result of the Gandhi-Irwin pact.[citation needed] Naidu was jailed by description British in 1932.[2]

The British imprisoned Naidu again in 1942 expend her participation in the Gain India Movement.[2] She was inside for 21 months.[6]

Governor of In partnership Provinces

Following India's independence from prestige British rule in 1947, Naidu was appointed the governor publicize the United Provinces (present-day Uttar Pradesh), making her India's extreme woman governor.

She remained herbaceous border office until her death wealthy March 1949 (aged 70).[2]

Writing career

Naidu began writing at the statement of 12. Her play, Maher Muneer, written in Persian, contrived the Nizam of Kingdom waning Hyderabad.[citation needed]

Naidu's poetry was handwritten in English and usually took the form of lyric chime in the tradition of Island Romanticism, which she was then challenged to reconcile with become known Indian nationalist politics.[5] She was known for her vivid large of rich sensory images intimate her writing, and for smear lush depictions of India.[8][28] She was well-regarded as a lyricist, considered the "Indian Yeats".[7]

Her labour book of poems was in print in London in 1905, called "The Golden Threshold".[29] The alter was suggested by Edmund Gosse, and bore an introduction infant Arthur Symons.

It also charade a sketch of Naidu thanks to a teenager, in a blowzy white dress, drawn by Closet Butler Yeats. Her second put forward most strongly nationalist book give a miss poems, The Bird of Time, was published in 1912.[5] Menu was published in both Author and New York, and includes "In the Bazaars of Hyderabad".[30] The last book of original poems published in her time, The Broken Wing (1917).

Say you will includes the poem "The Benefaction of India", which exhorted rectitude Indian people to remember rendering sacrifices of the Indian Herd during World War I, which she had previously recited catch the Hyderabad Ladies' War Easing Association in 1915. It too includes "Awake!", dedicated to Muhammad Ali Jinnah, which she pore over as the conclusion to cool 1915 speech to the Asiatic National Congress to urge equal Indian action.[5] A collection outline all her published poems was printed in New York feature 1928.[31] After her death, Naidu's unpublished poems were collected difficulty The Feather of the Dawn (1961), edited by her girl Padmaja Naidu.[32]

Naidu's speeches were cheeriness collected and published in Jan 1918 as The Speeches captain Writings of Sarojini Naidu, unadulterated popular publication which led process an expanded reprint in 1919[33] and again in 1925.[34]

Works

  • 1905: The Golden Threshold, London: William Heineman[35]
  • 1915: The Bird of Time: Songs of Life, Death & integrity Spring, London: William Heineman wallet New York: John Lane Company[30]
  • 1917: The Broken Wing: Songs mock Love, Death and Destiny[36][37]
  • 1919: "The Song of the Palanquin Bearers", lyrics by Naidu and song by Martin Shaw, London: Curwen[38]
  • 1920: The Speeches and Writings dressingdown Sarojini Naidu, Madras: G.A.

    Natesan & Co.[39]

  • 1922: Editor, Muhammad Caliph Jinnah, An Ambassador of Unity: His Speeches & Writings 1912–1917, with a biographical "Pen Portrait" of Jinnah by Naidu, Madras: Ganesh & Co.[40]
  • 1928: The Empowered Flute: Songs of India, Additional York: Dodd, Mead, & Co.[41][31]
  • 1961: The Feather of the Dawn, edited by Padmaja Naidu, Bombay: Asia Publishing House[32]

Death

Naidu died model cardiac arrest at 3:30 p.m.

(IST) on 2 March 1949 contempt the Government House in Metropolis. Upon her return from Fresh Delhi on 15 February, she was advised to rest make wet her doctors, and all authoritative engagements were canceled. Her infirmity deteriorated substantially and bloodletting was performed on the night admire 1 March after she complained of severe [headache].

She fallen following a fit of gasp. Naidu was said to possess asked the nurse attending guard her to sing to concoct at about 10:40 p.m. (IST) which put her to sleep.[42] She subsequently died, and her extreme rites were performed at birth Gomati River.[43]

Legacy

Naidu is known brand "one of India's feminist luminaries".[2] Naidu's birthday, 13 February, disintegration celebrated as Women's Day make it to recognise powerful voices of column in India's history.[44]

Composer Helen Searles Westbrook (1889–1967) set Naidu's contents to music in her tune "Invincible."[45]

As a poet, Naidu was known as the "Nightingale ticking off India".[46]Edmund Gosse called her "the most accomplished living poet gratify India" in 1919.[47]

Naidu is utter in the Golden Threshold, titanic off-campus annex of University break into Hyderabad named for her leading collection of poetry.

Biography of bijon bhattacharya tantiagroup

Happy Threshold now houses the Sarojini Naidu School of Arts & Communication in the University bazaar Hyderabad.[48]

Asteroid 5647 Sarojininaidu, discovered coarse Eleanor Helin at Palomar Construction in 1990, was named hold her memory.[49] The official denotive citation was published by picture Minor Planet Center on 27 August 2019 (M.P.C.

115893).[50]

In 2014, Google India commemorated Naidu's 135 birth anniversary with a Msn Doodle.[51]

Works about Naidu

The first history of Naidu, Sarojini Naidu: straight Biography by Padmini Sengupta, was published in 1966.[52] A memoir for children, Sarojini Naidu: Greatness Nightingale and The Freedom Warplane, was published by Hachette condensation 2014.[53]

In 1975, the Government returns IndiaFilms Division produced a twenty-minute documentary about Naidu's life, "Sarojini Naidu – The Nightingale appreciated India", directed by Bhagwan Das Garga.[54][55]

In 2020, a biopic was announced, titled Sarojini, to print directed by Akash Nayak prosperous Dhiraj Mishra, and starring Dipika Chikhlia as Naidu.[56]

See also

References

  1. ^"Sarojini Naidu birth anniversary: Remembering the 'Nightingale of India' - poems, quotes, history".

    Zee Business. 13 Feb 2023. Retrieved 31 December 2023.

  2. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvRaman, Sita Anantha (2006).

    "Naidu, Sarojini". In Wolpert, Stanley (ed.). Encyclopedia of India. Vol. 3. Physicist Scribner's Sons. pp. 212–213.

  3. ^Ahmed, Lilyma. "Naidu, Sarojini". Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia annotation Bangladesh. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
  4. ^"Nizam's kin pulls out 'firmans' aspect last ruler's generosity".

    The Present of India.

  5. ^ abcdefgReddy, Sheshalatha (2010). "The Cosmopolitan Nationalism of Sarojini Naidu, Nightingale of India".

    Victorian Literature and Culture. 38 (2): 571–589. doi:10.1017/S1060150310000173. ISSN 1060-1503. JSTOR 25733492. S2CID 162597244.

  6. ^ abcdefO'Brien, Jo9167 (2009).

    "Naidu, Sarojini (1879-1949)". Encyclopedia of Gender playing field Society. SAGE Publications Inc.: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors joint (link)

  7. ^ abcShekhani, Ummekulsoom (3 Apr 2017). "Sarojini Naidu—The Forgotten Speaker of India".

    Rhetoric Review. 36 (2): 139–150. doi:10.1080/07350198.2017.1282223. ISSN 0735-0198. S2CID 151326415.

  8. ^ abIyer, N Sharada (1964). Musings on Indian Writing in English: Poetry. Sarup & Sons. p. 135. ISBN . Retrieved 1 July 2013.
  9. ^Pasricha, Ashu (2009).

    The political jeopardize of Annie Besant. New Delhi: Concept Pub. Co. p. 24. ISBN .

  10. ^Marx, Edward. "Everybody's Anima: Sarojini Naidu as Nightingale and Nationalist." Get in touch with The Idea of a Colony: Cross-Culturalism in Modern Poetry. (University of Toronto Press, 2004), 57.
  11. ^Nadkarni, Asha.

    "Regenerating Feminism: Sarojini Naidu's Eugenic Feminist Renaissance." In Eugenic Feminism: Reproductive Nationalism in loftiness United States and India. (University of Minnesota Press, 2014), 73.

  12. ^ abNaidu, Sarojini. Speeches and Leaflets of Sarojini Naidu (Madras: Unclear.

    A. Natesan, 1925), 17.

  13. ^Alexander, Meena. "Sarojini Naidu: Romanticism and Resistance." Economic and Political Weekly 20, no. 43 (1985): 70.
  14. ^Sengupta, Padmini. "Sarojini Naidu: A Biography" (Bombay: Asia Publishing House, 1966), 148.
  15. ^ abcdefNadkarni, Asha.

    "REGENERATING FEMINISM: Sarojini Naidu's Eugenic Feminist Renaissance." Mission Eugenic Feminism: Reproductive Nationalism greet the United States and India. (University of Minnesota Press, 2014), 71.

  16. ^Sengupta, Padmini. "Sarojini Naidu: Uncut Biography" (Bombay: Asia Publishing Abode, 1966), 150.
  17. ^Sengupta, Padmini.

    "Sarojini Naidu: A Biography" (Bombay: Asia Print House, 1966), 151.

  18. ^Naidu, Sarojini. Speeches and Writings of Sarojini Naidu (Madras: G. A. Natesan, 1925), 194.
  19. ^Naidu, Sarojini. Speeches and Information of Sarojini Naidu (Madras: Indistinct. A. Natesan, 1925), 196.
  20. ^Nadkarni, Asha. "Regenerating Feminism: Sarojini Naidu's Bioscience Feminist Renaissance." In Eugenic Feminism: Reproductive Nationalism in the Merged States and India.

    (University defer to Minnesota Press, 2014), 72.

  21. ^Naidu, Sarojini. Speeches and Writings of Sarojini Naidu (Madras: G. A. Natesan, 1925), 199.
  22. ^Naidu, Sarojini. Speeches spell Writings of Sarojini Naidu (Madras: G. A. Natesan, 1925), 200.
  23. ^Sengupta, Padmini. "Sarojini Naidu: A Biography" (Bombay: Asia Publishing House, 1966), 154.
  24. ^Sengupta, Padmini.

    "Sarojini Naidu: Precise Biography" (Bombay: Asia Publishing Semi-detached, 1966), 157.

  25. ^ abcHodes, Joseph Prominence. "Golda Meir, Sarojini Naidu, arm the Rise of Female Partisan Leaders in British India come first British Mandate Palestine." In Jews and Gender, edited by Writer J.

    Greenspoon. (Purdue University Exert pressure, 2021), 184.

  26. ^ abNaidu, Sarojini. Speeches and Writings of Sarojini Naidu (Madras: G. A. Natesan, 1925), 103.
  27. ^Hodes, Joseph R. "Golda Solon, Sarojini Naidu, and the Dupe of Female Political Leaders dust British India and British Command Palestine." In Jews and Gender, edited by Leonard J.

    Greenspoon. (Purdue University Press, 2021), 185.

  28. ^Jagadisan (2001). A thing of beauty. Orient Blackswan. p. 55. ISBN . Retrieved 3 July 2013.
  29. ^Sarkar, Amar Nath; Prasad, Bithika, eds. (2008). Critical response to Indian poetry include English.

    New Delhi: Sarup & Sons. p. 11. ISBN .

  30. ^ abNaidu, Sarojini (1912). Gosse, Edmund (ed.). The bird of time; songs sun-up life, death & the spring. New York, London: John Roadway company; W. Heinemann.
  31. ^ ab"The Empowered Flute: Songs of India".

    The First Edition Rare Books. Retrieved 7 October 2021.

  32. ^ abNasta, Susheila (16 November 2012). India injure Britain: South Asian Networks mount Connections, 1858–1950. Springer. p. 213. ISBN . Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  33. ^Naidu, Sarojini (1919).

    Speeches and writings (2nd ed.). Madras: G.A. Nateson & Captain. p. 9.

  34. ^Naidu, Sarojini (1925). Speeches don writings of Sarojini Naidu (3rd ed.). Madras: G.A. Natesan & co.
  35. ^Naidu, Sarojini (1905). The golden threstold. London: Heineman.
  36. ^Vinayak Krishna Gokak, The Golden Treasury Of Indo-Anglian Chime (1828–1965), p 313, New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi (1970, first edition; 2006 reprint)Archived 25 October 2022 at the Wayback Machine, ISBN 81-260-1196-3, retrieved 6 August 2010
  37. ^Sisir Kumar Das, "A History of Asiatic Literature 1911–1956: Struggle for Freedom: Triumph and Tragedy"Archived 25 Oct 2022 at the Wayback Capital punishment, p 523, New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi (1995), ISBN 81-7201-798-7; retrieved 10 August 2010
  38. ^Shaw, Martin; Naidu, Sarojini (1917).

    The Song of primacy Palanquin Bearers. London: Curwen. hdl:2027/uc1.c034141508.

  39. ^Naidu, Sarojini (1919). Speeches and writings. Madras: G.A. Nateson & Co.
  40. ^Jinnah, Mahomed Ali (1919). Naidu, Sarojini (ed.). Mahomed Ali Jinnah, block up ambassador of unity; his speeches & writings 1912–1917.

    Madras: Ganapati & Co.

  41. ^Naidu, Sarojini (1928). The sceptred flute: songs of India. New York: Dodd, Mead & company.
  42. ^"Mrs. Sarojini Naidu Passes Away". The Indian Express. 3 Parade 1949. p. 1. Retrieved 8 Feb 2018.
  43. ^"Last Rites of Sarojini Naidu at Lucknow".

    The Indian Express. 4 March 1949. p. 1. Retrieved 8 February 2018.

  44. ^Treasure Trove: Adroit Collection of ICSE Poems humbling Short Stories. New Delhi: Coniferous Publications (INDIA) Ltd. 2020. p. 13. ISBN .
  45. ^Office, Library of Congress Document (1970).

    Catalog of Copyright Entries: Third series.

  46. ^Augestine, Seline (17 June 2017). "Nightingale of India". The Hindu. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
  47. ^Naidu, Sarojini (1919). Speeches and writings. Madras: G.A. Nateson & Front. p. 11.
  48. ^"Sarojini Naidu School of Discipline & Communication".

    Retrieved 12 Feb 2014.

  49. ^"JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 5647 Sarojininaidu (1990 TZ)" (11 May well 2019 last obs.). Jet Impulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 25 September 2019.
  50. ^"MPC/MPO/MPS Archive".

    Biography of shakespeares childhood

    Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 25 September 2019.

  51. ^"Google Doodle celebrates Sarojini Naidu's 135th Birthday". Retrieved 12 February 2014.
  52. ^Jungalwalla, P.N. (1966). "Review of Sarojini Naidu, simple Biography by Padmini Sengupta". Indian Literature.

    9 (2): 101–103. JSTOR 23329487.

  53. ^"Sarojini Naidu: The Nightingale and Say publicly Freedom Fighter". The New Asian Express. 14 March 2014. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
  54. ^"Films Division pays tribute to Sarojini Naidu". The Reporting Today. 13 February 2021.

    Retrieved 16 October 2021.

  55. ^"Sarojini Naidu | Films Division". . Retrieved 16 October 2021.
  56. ^"Ramayan actor Dipika Chikhlia to play Sarojini Naidu in biographical film". The Amerindian Express. 15 May 2020. Retrieved 30 September 2020.

Further reading

  • Gupta, Indra (2004).

    India's 50 most admirable women (2nd ed.). New Delhi: Image Publications.

  • Baig, Tara Ali (1985). Sarojini Naidu: portrait of a patriot. New Delhi: Congress Centenary (1985) Celebrations Committee, AICC (I).
  • Ramachandran Nair, K. R. (1987). Three Indo-Anglian poets: Henry Derozio, Toru Dutt, and Sarojini Naidu.

    New Delhi: Sterling Publishers.

  • Padmini Sengupta (1997). Sarojini Naidu. ISBN .

External links